Structure
1. Introductory paragraph: we write a statement that explains the topic. It is also common to start with a question or a good example. Then we say there are arguments for and against this idea.
2. Second paragraph: give the points "for" the topic or advantages.
3. Third paragraph: give the points "against" the topic or disadvantages.
4. Last paragraph: sum up the arguments and give a conclusion.
See an example of a task (British Council)
'As English is now the world language and an essential skill in business, English language instruction should begin in kindergarten.'
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Present your ideas and opinions with examples where necessary.
You should write 250 words
Dealing with the task
Step 1: Question Analysis
First, let's analyse the question. Think about the keywords and clarify what they mean.
World language –
is English the world language? If so, what gives it this status? How is
it used globally? Are there any alternative global languages?
Essential –
Does everyone really need to speak English? Are there jobs where it is
not necessary? Can all prominent people in society speak it well?
Kindergarten – Is this the best time to start? What are the advantages and disadvantages of starting to learn English this early?
Step 2: Brainstorming
Now,
decide whether you are for the opinion (you agree that English should
be taught in Kindergarten) or against the opinion (you disagree) and
make notes of your ideas. Often it is a good idea to explore both sides
of the argument. Also, try and think of real-life examples that prove
your point
Read through the following notes. Are they for or against the idea?
- Other languages are more widely spoken than English
- English is regarded as the international business language
- Many multinationals use English as their corporate language
- Other languages are also used in business
- Foreign executives in China are being required to learn Chinese
- English is used in higher education, even in non-English speaking countries
- Learning English in Kindergarten could help students become bi-lingual
- Languages represent culture and should be preserved
- Young children haven’t fully mastered their first language and will be very confused
- Young children are very receptive to new language
Step 3: Planning
Now
that you have some ideas you can plan the layout of your essay. Think
about what you want the main point of each paragraph to be. With this
type of question a very straightforward paragraph plan is as follows.
Useful language is in italics.
1: Introduction
Explain the background of the issue
In recent years; Nowadays; Over the past twenty years…
In recent years; Nowadays; Over the past twenty years…
2: For
Arguments in favour of introducing English tuition in kindergarten (one or two paragraphs)
Some people think; They say; It’s true that …
Some people think; They say; It’s true that …
3: Against
Arguments against doing this (one or two paragraphs)
On the other hand; Other people would argue; One example of this is …
On the other hand; Other people would argue; One example of this is …
4: Conclusion
Your own personal opinion based on all the arguments
Overall; Having looked at both sides; In conclusion …
Overall; Having looked at both sides; In conclusion …
Step 4: Writing
The following essay is a response to the task, but the paragraphs mixed-up. Can you put them in the correct order?
(Notice the opening phrases used to link the ideas together.)
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Follow THIS LINK to see another example and some useful language.