martes, 27 de enero de 2026

Active → Passive (Double Object)

  1. The teacher gave the students homework. (2)
    Answer: The students were given homework. / Homework was given to the students.
  2. The company sent the customer a confirmation email. (2)
    Answer: The customer was sent a confirmation email. / A confirmation email was sent to the customer.
  3. My aunt bought me a new jacket. (2)
    Answer: I was bought a new jacket. / A new jacket was bought for me.
  4. The manager offered the team a bonus. (2)
    Answer: The team was offered a bonus. / A bonus was offered to the team.
  5. The waiter brought us the menu. (2)
    Answer: We were brought the menu. / The menu was brought to us.

Impersonal Passive → Two Options

  1. People say that the actor lives abroad.
    Answer: 1) It is said that the actor lives abroad.
    2) The actor is said to live abroad.
  2. They believe the company faces financial problems.
    Answer: 1) It is believed that the company faces financial problems.
    2) The company is believed to face financial problems.
  3. People thought a worker had stolen the painting.
    Answer: 1) It was thought that a worker had stolen the painting.
    2) The worker was thought to have stolen the painting.
  4. They expect the prices will rise soon.
    Answer: 1) It is expected that the prices will rise soon.
    2) The prices are expected to rise soon.

Active → Causative

  1. The mechanic repaired my car. (past simple)
    Answer: I had/got my car repaired (by the mechanic).
  2. The tailor has fixed her dress. (present perfect)
    Answer: She has got her dress fixed (by the tailor).
  3. The gardener is planting new flowers. (present continuous)
    Answer: We are having/are getting new flowers planted (by the gardener).
  4. The technician will install his software.
    Answer: He will have/will get the software installed (by the technician).

MODULE 3. REVISION. FROM ACTIVE TO PASSIVE.MIXED TENSES


Rewrite each sentence in the passive voice, keeping the original tense and meaning.

  1. The chef is preparing the dinner right now.

  2. The company has launched a new product this month.

  3. The teacher will correct the exams tomorrow.

  4. The police were questioning the witnesses all night.

  5. The manager had already approved the budget.

  6. The mechanic can fix the engine today.

  7. People must follow the safety rules at all times.

  8. The students are going to organize the event.

  9. The storm has damaged several buildings.

  10. The assistant was answering emails when the phone rang.

  11. Someone should clean the classroom after the lesson.

  12. The team is developing a new app.

  13. The government may introduce new regulations next year.

  14. The editor has rewritten the article.

  15. The workers were building the bridge for two years.

  16. The doctor can’t see the patient until Monday.

  17. They had repaired the road before the accident happened.

  18. The company will have completed the project by June.

  19. The new guide is showing the tourists around the city.

  20. The committee might reject the proposal.

     

    KEY ANSWER

    1. The dinner is being prepared right now.

    2. A new product has been launched this month.

    3. The exams will be corrected tomorrow.

    4. The witnesses were being questioned all night.

    5. The budget had already been approved.

    6. The engine can be fixed today.

    7. The safety rules must be followed at all times.

    8. The event is going to be organized by the students.

    9. Several buildings have been damaged.

    10. Emails were being answered when the phone rang.

    11. The classroom should be cleaned after the lesson.

    12. A new app is being developed.

    13. New regulations may be introduced next year.

    14. The article has been rewritten.

    15. The bridge was being built for two years.

    16. The patient can’t be seen until Monday.

    17. The road had been repaired before the accident happened.

    18. The project will have been completed by June.

    19. The tourists are being shown around the city by the new guide.

    20. The proposal might be rejected by the committee.

     

jueves, 22 de enero de 2026

3.JANUARY HALF TERM. CONTENTS

1. Module 3. Vocabulary and grammar. (book)

2. Passive mixed tenses, double object passive, impersonal passive, causative form (blog) 

3. Idioms about relationships (blog) 

https://4esobilingualnorba.blogspot.com/2025/12/module-3-idioms-about-relationships.html 

4. Module 3. Opinion essay 

4. Revision of Modules 0-1-2. Vocabulary and grammar. (book)

5. Revision of questions and rephrasings (blog) 

6. Culture awareness: One child policy in China and Iceland Jolabokaflod tradition.  

 

MODULE 3. CORRECT THE MISTAKES OF THIS OPINION ESSAY

 DO YOU CONSIDER IMPORTANT TO LEARN LANGUAGES? 

Learning languagues is very important in the modern world. Many people thinks is only useful for travelling, but I believe it have much other benefits. In a global society, speak more than one language help people connect and understand each other better.

First of all, languages help with comunication between people. When someone learn other language, they can understand other cultures better. This make people more open-minded and respectfull. It also allow us share ideas more easy and avoid misunderstandings.

Other reason is that learning languages improve your brain. The studies shows that bilingual people have better memory and problem solving skills. This knowlege is useful at school and at work. In addition, it is easier find information online in diferent languages.

To sum up, languages create many oportunities in the future. People which speak more than one language usually get better jobs. In my opinion, schools should teach languages more early. For all these reasons, learning languages is something everyone should do.

jueves, 15 de enero de 2026

MODULE 3. CAUSATIVE FORM


In English, the causative form is used when we don't do something ourselves, instead we arrange for someone else to do it for us.
 
 
He painted his house (HE DID IT HIMSELF)
 
How to Paint a House Quickly and Efficiently 
 
He had his house painted (HE HIRED PAINTERS TO DO IT) 
 
Complete Guide to House Painting (2026 Update) 
 
This is the causative form. We can use HAVE or GET. HAVE is more formal. GET is more informal: 
 
He got his house painted 
 
 
Watch this video and learn more about it: 
 

 
 


The boy is getting his hair cut

There are two verbs generally used in the passive causative form; they are Have and Get. In addition, there is usually no agent in this form; it's not like in active form which has the agent. The action verb is in the past participle, and the object comes before it. The difference between have and get in this passive causative form is that have is more formal than get. 


I have my teeth cleaned
once a year 


Pattern
SubjectHave/GetObjectPast Participle


Examples:
  • I'm going to ask someone to fix my car.
    = I'm going to have my car fixed.
  • She asked John to wash the plate.
    She got the plate washed by John.




Write the correct response, changing the ACTIVE sentences into PASSIVE CAUSATIVE FORM sentences: 
EX: Jim is sending the letter. (Jim is going to the post office)
 --> Jim is having the letter sent. (Someone else is going to the post office instead of Jim)


1. My mother changed the curtains. --> 

2. Thomas is going to wash the car. --> 

3. Maria has redesigned the web site. --> 

4. Kelly will take Mr. Brown to the beach. --> 

5. John brought the cat to the vet. --> 

6. Jane is putting the vase on the table. --> 

7. We were driving Mr. Jones to the airport. --> 

8. We fed the dog. --> 

9. We have given the money to the homeless shelter. --> 

10. Thomas cut his hair. -->
 
 
To practise more, click HERE

MODULE 3.IMPERSONAL PASSIVE: IT IS SAID... /THEY ARE SAID...

Sometimes we do not know who did an action or it is not relevant. Then, the subject can be "PEOPLE" or "THEY" with an active verb:


a) People say that these actors are handsome. 
b) They say that these actors are handsome.

We can also use two types of impersonal passive: 

a) It is said that they are handsome. 
b) They are said to be handsome. 


Pay attention to this examples in the past: 


They knew she had an idea.
It was known that she had an idea.
She was known to have had an idea. (to + have V3)



If the predicate of the passive sentence is a verb transitive like believe, think, find, say, report, consider, understand, acknowledge, expect, tell, know then you can change the active sentence into passive.  These are formal structures. They are often used in news reports and on TV.
 
CLICK HERE TO SEE SOME GOOD EXAMPLES.

EXERCISES

Rephrase the sentences to make them more formal. Look at the example above.
1) People think that the new prime minister is a good speaker.
It is .
 The new prime minister .
2) They report that the criminal is in custody.
.................... .
................. .
3) People don't expect that the new party will win the election.
................... .
................... .
4) The police informed that the principal had disappeared.
It was .
The principal was .
5) The detective knows that the robber has left the city.
........... .
................... .
6) People believe that giving encouragement is important at work, too.
........... 
.......................... .
7) They said that Charles had drunk too much at the party.
................... .
.................... .



1) People know that drug addiction is dangerous.
It is .
2) They believe that the lunch will be delicious.
The lunch is .
3) They think that the children are at school.
The children .
4) People said that the robbery lasted half an hour.
It is .
5) People acknowledge that he is talented.
He is .
6) The newspapers reported that he won the jackpot.
He was .
7) They think that your tea is too sweet.
It is .
8) Everybody says the old bridge will collapse.
The old .


– Rewrite the sentences. Look at the examples.
1) It is said that the thief stole several wallets.
The thief is said to have stolen several wallets.
2) People think that the pigeons carry a lot of diseases.
It is thought that the pigeons carry a lot of diseases.
3) Sarah is known to be the prettiest girl in the class.
It is .
4) It was understood that he got divorced.
He was .
5) Amy Winehouse was reported to have died.
It was .
6) It is acknowledged that she is a talented painter.
She is .
7) The Sun was believed to move round the Earth.
It was .
8) It is said that the pilot was drunken.
The pilot .
9) This kind of material is found to be poisonous.
It is .
10)The witness was thought to have injured.
It was .


http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=6854
Created by Susan V. Toth (Zsuzsapszi)

viernes, 9 de enero de 2026

MODULE 3. PASSIVE VOICE IN ALL THE TENSES AND A TEST. WHEN CAN WE OMIT THE AGENT?

 

First, complete the chart with the passive voice. Then do this TEST

When do we omit the agent? 

When it does not add relevant information:

The fire was extinguished by the firefighters. (irrelevant)

The fire was extinguished by one of the students. (relevant)

The new film was watched by them/by people (it does not add information) 

The exams will be marked by the teacher (it is the normal thing to happen)

The exams will be marked by the trainee teacher (it is not the normal thing to happen)

   

TENSE / MODAL VERBS

ACTIVE VOICE

PASSIVE VOICE

PRESENT SIMPLE

He makes a cake

 

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

He is making a cake

 

PRESENT PERFECT

He has made a cake

 

PAST SIMPLE

He made a cake

 

PAST PERFECT

He had made a cake

 

FUTURE SIMPLE

He will make a cake

 

FUTURE CONTINUOUS

He will be making a cake

 

FUTURE PERFECT

He will have made a cake

 

BE GOING TO

He is going to make a cake

 

MODAL: CAN

He can make a cake

 

MODAL: SHOUD

He shoud make a cake

 

MODAL: MAY, MIGHT

He may/might make a cake

 

MODAL PERFECT: COULD/MAY/MIGHT/ SHOULD HAVE

He should have made a cake